Ecological Validity in Social Anxiety Research

The objective of this study was to investigate whether the impact of social anxiety on state anxiety, visual attention, autonomic and endocrine reactions varies depending on characteristics of the experimental setting. We anticipate that the influence of social anxiety on our outcome variables will be more pronounsed in more naturalistic experimental settings.

Additionally, we aimed to examine specific characteristics of the experimental tasks or situations, such as the level of social interaction and the aversiveness of the stressor. We hypothesized that both of these factors will magnify the effects of social anxiety on the outcome measures. In relation to different experimental phases (e.g., baseline, anticipation, reactivity, and recovery from stressors), we explored potential interactions between the phase and the social anxiety group with respect to the measured reactions.

Furthermore, we assessed the effects of sample characteristics, such as age and the clinical severity of social anxiety. We anticipated that studies comparing healthy controls with individuals meeting diagnostic criteria for Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) will yield stronger effects compared to studies that divide their sample into high and low socially anxious subgroups based on statistical criteria. In the final step, we evaluated whether the reported effects are influenced by methodological factors, such as the questionnaires used, publication status, or the overall quality of the primary studies.

Collaborators: Janna Teigeler, Matthias Gamer